Before making the ship model model, the first contact is the model drawings. Drawings can not only tell us the type, name, shape and size of the model, but also understand the composition and parts of the model. Some also have internal structure, parts of the production, assembly and other diagrams.
To understand drawings, we must first familiarize ourselves with the meaning of the various lines in the drawings.
________ Strong line: indicates the outline of all visible parts outside an object.
_._._._._ Dotted line: indicates the dimension line and the planing line on the planing diagram.
Dot line: composed of continuous electricity and lines, representing the center line of the object, also known as the center line.
Break line: Most are used on very long objects such as shortened drawing to save drawing time and drawings.
In addition, M is a scale symbol. For example, M1:100 means that the drawing size is 1/100th of the actual size. φ is the diameter and R is the radius. All dimensions on the drawing are in mm.
The shape of the hull is very complex, and the surface of the hull is a double curved surface with longitudinal and transverse curvature. Its true shape cannot be represented by orthographic three views. In order to represent the shape of the hull completely and accurately, it is necessary to project it from three directions, that is, three basic projectors are perpendicular to each other, and three groups of planes parallel to the three basic projectors are cut off from the hull to obtain three groups of curves, which are projected on the three basic projectors to obtain the pattern of the shape of the hull surface.
（1）Three basic projection planes
The three basic projection planes selected for the pattern drawing are:
1、Middle longitudinal plane: The longitudinal vertical plane of the hull divided into left and right symmetrical parts is the middle longitudinal plane. The intersection line between the longitudinal planing surface and the hull surface is called the longitudinal planing line, also known as the middle line of the hull. It consists of deck lines, keel lines and bow and stern Outlines.
There are two kinds of deck lines: straight line and side line. The so-called gunwale is the upper end and the lower end of the ship deck. This is to make the ship in the sailing waves are not easy to hit the deck, improve the sailing performance of the ship. However, some inland ships or small boats also use flat decks in order to simplify the structure and facilitate construction.
The keel line is divided into straight line, curve and broken curve. The bottom keel line is generally straight. A straight keel line tilted at an Angle to the bottom line of the ship, often used in tugs, fish boats and other ships. Curved keels and segmental curved keels are often used on special ships such as sailboats and coasters.
2、Design waterplane: A horizontal plane through the design waterline of the ship is called the design waterplane (usually the waterline when the ship is fully loaded). It is perpendicular to the longitudinal plane and divides the hull into two parts above and below water. The line where the design waterplane intersects with the hull surface is called the design waterline.
3、midship plane: through the vertical line between the long midpoint and the ship transverse (ship wide direction) vertical plane called midship plane. It is perpendicular to the middle planing plane and the design waterplane, and divides the hull into two parts, fore and stern. The cross line between the middle plane and the hull is called the midship plane. Amidships planing is symbolized in the drawing.
The line drawing is one of the most basic and important drawings of a ship. In addition to representing the shape and size of the hull, it is also the basis for drawing other patterns and lofting.
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